Know the real context of some famous nursery rhymes.
Ring a ring a roses,
A pocket full of posies
A-tish-oo, a-tish-oo
We all fall down
This is one nursery
rhyme origin we think we already know to be sinister. But it has nothing at all
to do with the Black Death. The first known reference to the rhyme is in 1881,
more than 500 years after the plague swept across Europe. By all accounts, it
seems to be a nonsense rhyme – and in its 1881 form, there isn’t even any
sneezing. Here’s a version from the mid 20th century:
Ring a ring a roses,
A pocket full of posies
One, two, three, four,
We all fall down down
The sneezing was added
sometime in the last 50 years or so. So this one really is just a nice little
rhyme –no ulterior meanings at all!
2. Humpty
Dumpty
Humpty Dumpty sat on the wall
Humpty Dumpty had a great fall
All the King’s horses and all the King’s men
Couldn’t put Humpty together again!
Humpty Dumpty wasn’t a real person; nor was he an odd, fragile
egg-shaped thing. It turns out that Humpty Dumpty was a cannon. Owned by the
supporters of King Charles I, Humpty Dumpty was used to gain control over the
city of Colchester during the English Civil War. Once in Colchester, the cannon
sat on church tower until a barrage of cannonballs destroyed the tower and sent
Humpty into the marshland below. Although retrieved, the cannon was beyond
repair. Humpty the cannon was a feared and effective weapon – as the full rhyme
demonstrates:
In sixteen hundred and forty-eight
When England suffered pains of state
The Roundheads laid siege to Colchester town
Where the King’s men still fought for the crown.
There one-eyed Thompson stood on the wall
A gunner with the deadliest aim of all
From St Mary’s tower the cannon he fired
Humpty Dumpty was his name.
Humpty Dumpty sat on the wall
Humpty Dumpty had a great fall
All the King’s horses and all the King’s men
Couldn’t put Humpty Dumpty together again!
And you thought it was all about an egg?
A 19th century illustration in Lewis Carroll’s Through the Looking-Glass
created this myth. When Alice talks to Humpty Dumpty on the wall, the
illustrator – apparently at a whim – made him egg-shaped. Given the popularity
of the book, a generation of kids grew up thinking that Humpty Dumpty was a
nonsense rhyme about an egg, rather than a fearsome killing machine.
3. Baa baa black sheep
Baa baa black sheep,
Have you any wool?
Yes sir, yes sir,
Three bags full.
One for the Master,
One for the Dame,
And one for the little boy
Who lives down the lane.
And with the original ending...
And none for the little boy
who cries down the lane.
The song is definitely
not about black sheep, or even little boys – it’s about taxes! Back in the 13th
century, King Edward I realized that he could make some decent cash by taxing
the sheep farmers. As a result of the new taxes, one third of the price of a
sack of wool went to the king, one third to the church and the last third to
the farmer. Nothing was left for the shepherd boy, crying down the lane. As it
happens, black sheep are also bad luck: the fleece can’t be dyed, and so it’s
worth less to the sheep farmer. Baa Baa Black Sheep is a tale of misery and
woe.
3. Lady Bird
Ladybird ladybird fly
away home
Your house is on fire and your children are gone,
All except one called Anne
For she has crept under the frying pan
This poor little
ladybird is really a Catholic in 16th century Protestant England. Ladybird is a
word that comes from the Catholic term for Our Lady. It was illegal for Catholics
to practice their religion, and non-attendance of Protestant services meant
hefty fines for absentees. Catholics were forced to say Mass and attend
services in secret, often outdoors and in outbuildings. The fire may refer to
the Catholic priests who were burned at the stake for their beliefs.